To better understanding religion and belief system, history is a great resource. With my humble general knowledge and satisfactory English language, I write this brief about history of religion. I hope you like it. Also, the link below provides a lot of knowledge about the same subject.
Many years ago, before the era of hunting and gathering, human were thought to make since about the unpredictable thing that occurred around them. Some were believed the fire might be that power because it eats and burns everything around itself, some thought women who gives the birth and bring a new person and new life, and some thought it might be some kind of animals because they live for long time and they are powerful every group and according it is surrounding environment chose one to worshiped and made it God. Human approached those figures to ask for blessing and victory, but there were no low-kind roles that had been generated by those Gods.
After the era of hunting and gathering, human were engaged in many conflicts over food and water sources. Human needed role and regulation to organize them, Hammurabi in the Babylonian empire was the first who devised the first set of written lows to be followed. Many followed Hammurabi’s steps and generated lows for their society to follow, although some of those low creators claimed deity but they were dying or overthrew by power of other human beings. Years after humanity found itself with many Gods and shapes that control their life. One God for travels other for wars another for good harvest and many of others for anything else.
Humanity needed a powerful, divine, and absolute God who cannot be defeated or died over the time. According to Karen Armstrong’s book “the History of God,” Judaism was the first monotheistic religion in the history. The monotheistic never been replaced, but had went some modification years after through Christianity and Islam. The purpose of religion in all different stages of life was only reform and obedience. However, with revelation humanity and progress of human thoughts, religion was not able to satisfy people’s need and people did not see themselves any more as subject of obedient.
In 18th century, the age of Enlightenment in Europe reduced the burden of religion on people for the first time in the history. During the French revolution the journalist Jean-Paul Marat used the word “democratic” in one of articles. Political parties appeared on the surface after that to (replace or work side by side) religion.
Unfortunately my knowledge is not adequate to say political parties to replace or to work side by side religion to serve human’s need. In many discussions seating with people with PHDs, I asked that question to get the correct answer, but everyone gave me his or her opinion with no evidence. So I don’t know if it was to replace the religion or to work with religion.
Class mate, Professor: this link below will provide a lot of information about the history of God. It is one and half hour documentary and it is great thing for your own use.
http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/a-history-of-god
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